Motivation The Need to Achieve

Psychologists’ view on origin of motivation Motivation in sports fluctuates from time and from individual to individual. Its unpredictability has seen many mediocre sportsmen turn into champions and heroes while great sportsmen turn into mediocre villains. The complexity of motivation has led to several psychologists coming up with various explanations on the source of motivation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation: The Need to Achieve specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As early as 1889, psychologists such as Norman Triplett had posited that motivation is as result of social setting (Triplett, 1898; Carlson Heth, 2009). Even though several years later many psychologists also tried to explain what causes motivation or lack of it from various viewpoints, one thing they unanimously agreed on was that human beings have no control over their motivation process at some point. The debates aside, motivation stems from both our biological make up and experience (Harrnstein, 1972; Maslow, 1987). Theories on motivation One theory on motivation is the goal setting-theory which postulates that many people are driven to success measured by finally reaching the desired definite end. Such individuals will work to achieve these goals especially if they are moderate in nature. This is because optimal drive to succeed is achieved as low or too high goals will only work to discourage the individual. That is, he will be driven to success by the close proximity and yet uncertainty of success which is very specific. Thus, tasks which are very specific, with moderate difficulty and proximity will be more motivating than those which are general and too difficult to achieve. Setting of goals is only possible because human beings have self determination to succeed. This is what is postulated by the self-determination theory to explain what drives human beings to achieve. This theory opines that humans a re inherently driven to grow and develop and hence our source of motivation is somewhat inborn. However, this theory recognizes the role of external factors as the main activators of this innate drive to succeed. The need to control the events of our lives in order to feel connected to others and be competent in our skills is the primary sources of our motivation. Hence, human beings are able to control their thoughts and conscious and channel them towards striving for excellence (Murphy, 2009; Ryan Deci, 2000). Thus, we are able to control our desires for success, and feelings of pleasure and acceptance (Ryan Deci, 2000). The Need hierarchy theory of motivation states that human beings are only driven to success by those needs which they have not satisfied. Since, human beings have complex needs, they are satisfied from bottom up with those on the higher levels satisfied first. As one moves up the hierarchy of needs, the drive to achieve increases. Thus, the drive that an individ ual has for quenching his thirst or filling an empty stomach is lower compared to that of achieving his full potential or self actualization which is the highest level of need.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Incentive theory of motivation cuts across various theories of motivation. It somewhat incorporates all these theories in a bid to explain the complexity of motivation. Incentives to move to greater heights can come in various forms. Others can be intrinsic while others can be extrinsic but they all act as incentives towards success. Satisfaction achieved from participating in activities gives us the feeling of pleasure and acceptance. This can be encouraging enough to drive us to success. The rewards of pleasure and acceptance are usually intrinsic as postulated by self-determination theory. External stimuli activate these internal stimuli. However, it has to be noted that external and internal stimuli sometimes work antagonistically. Continued usage of external stimuli as a source of motivation may eventually replace the innate drive to succeed. Like sportsmen, we have an intrinsic desire to win, improve ourselves and learn new ideas. On the other hand, extrinsically we can be driven by the desire having rewards such as medals, promotion and money among others. When such rewards are not forthcoming, we may lose our motivation. (Baumeister Vohs, 2004; Carver Scheier, 2001). However, when an external stimulus is introduced, they lose their autonomy. And when such stimulus is withdrawn, our motivation slumps. Conversely, such external rewards as trophies, scholarships, medals and money may be so ingrained in us that they become more or less part of us. Hence, we will go a great length to achieve them. In this scenario, such external stimuli almost become intrinsic because failure to attain them will only push us to work harder, thereby, raising our mo tivation. Such external stimuli, when achieved would become part and parcel of our growth, hence becoming a ‘biological need’. Because intrinsic stimuli are not always a guarantee, there is need to find a suitable extrinsic stimuli to drive us to success. This should be done with caution though as over usage of external stimuli may eventually replace internal stimuli. Self-efficacy and self-esteem as motivators However, sometimes we lack both stimuli. Thus, we will not make any attempt to participate in any activity even though we might be assured of success. Our lack of motivation can be attributed to lack of or low self-esteem and lack of or low self-efficacy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation: The Need to Achieve specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With self-efficacy, we are able to carry out a self evaluation of our capabilities to achieve any goal of any difficulty and even without a glim mer of hope of succeeding. More, we can have the drive even if the goals are not clear. (Ormrod, 2006; Bandura, 1997). When we have high self-efficacy levels we are highly driven, hence will always go an extra mile to achieve success. Contrarily, low self-efficacy levels lead to low motivation as the lack self belief is vital for motivation and achieving success. Self-efficacy is more of being overconfident (Luszczynska Schwarzer, 2005) which many people have spoken ill of. When properly utilized, overconfidence can motivate us to success rather lead to our downfall as many believe. However, there is a difference between being overconfident and feeling good one’s self which is termed as self-esteem (Fishbein, Ajzen, 1975). Feeling good does have the element of the sense of belonging that can effectively and strongly drive an individual to success. The competitive nature of life’s challenges requires more than just feeling good; the pain of losing, the joy of winning and the long strenuous hours of practice demand commitment and consistency that can only be achieved through high motivation. Ego and goal-orientation as motivators One can only be moved to action by self-esteem; however, to sustain the action despite the challenges, one needs goals to achieve. Such goals can only be set when an individual has high self-efficacy. Like an overconfident individual, egoistic people have been shunned for most people to believe that their ego will cloud their judgment. However, the ego can be a greater motivator as we would always want to be the best. This is unlike a goal oriented individual who would go to a great length to learn something new and grow. Indeed, an individual who is able to find a common ground between being goal oriented and ego oriented would, however, be more successful (Walle, 1997; Locke Latham, 2006). Conclusions Due to the critical role that motivation plays in the success in our lives, it is important for us to understand what motivates us. We should be able to classify stimuli as extrinsic or intrinsic. Such information is very important as it will help us in mapping out appropriate action plans in our lives and formulate ways in dealing with those times when we are lowly or highly motivated (The British Psychological Society). However, we should take charge of our own lives and motivational processes by changing our attitudes, cutting a niche for ourselves in the environment we live in and become actively involved in the activities we engage in. Moreover, concentrating on the positive things, praising others and staying around motivated teammates will be a great boost.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Limitations of the article and how to improve the article These theories on motivation in life few lack of corroborating evidence to support their numerous points of view. Even though psychologists argue their cases effectively, they do not cite other researchers to affirm their cases. Moreover, they do not use real life scenarios to prove the validity of most of their assertions. Thus, there need to carry out more research studies into the causes of motivation. They studies should extend into other numerous fields other life, education, business and sports. Moreover, there is overemphasis on motivation as the sole driver of life ignoring other aspects such as spirituality. Success in life does not entirely depend on motivation as many spiritual leaders and people believe that to succeed in life; we need the divine power that comes from God. There is need to study the psychology of those who entirely believe in spirituality as the drive to success. In addition, since there is contin ued use of performance enhancing drugs amongst many sportsmen, there is need to study their psychology and what drives them into using such drugs to improve their performance. References Alexander, P., Ryan, R., Deci, E. (2000). â€Å"Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions†. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25 (1). Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman. Baumeister, R., Vohs, K. (2004). Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications. New York: Guilford Press. Carlson, N. R., Heth, C.D. (2009). Psychology the Science of Behavior. Toronto: Pearson Education. Carver, C., Scheier, F. (2001). On the self-regulation of behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press. Eliot, J. Motivation: The Need to Achieve. In: Murphy, S. (1957). The Sport Psych Handbook. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. Fishbein, M., Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An in troduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Harrnstein, J. (1972). â€Å"Nature as Nurture: Behaviorism and the Instinct Doctrine†. Behavior 1 (1): 23–52. Lepper, M., Greene, D., Nisbet, R. (1973). â€Å"Undermining Children’s Intrinsic Interest with Extrinsic Reward; A Test of ‘Overjustification’ Hypothesis†. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 28: 129†37. Locke, E., Latham, G. (2006). â€Å"New directions in goal-setting theory†. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15: 265-268. Luszczynska, A., Schwarzer, R. (2005). â€Å"Social cognitive theory. In M. Conner P. Norman (Eds.), Predicting health behavior (2nd ed.). Buckingham, England: Open University Press. Maslow, A. H. (1987). Motivation and Personality. New York: Pearson Education. Murphy, J. (2009). Inner Excellence. New York: McGraw-Hill. Ormrod, J. E. (2006). Educational Psychology: Developing Learners. (5th ed.). Upper Saddle Ri ver, N.J.: Pearson. Ryan, R., Deci, L. (2000). â€Å"Self-Determination Theory and the Facilation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being†. American Psychologist. The British Psychological Society. (n.d). Becoming an Educational Psychologist. Retrieved from https://careers.bps.org.uk/area/educational Triplett, N. (1898). The dynamogenic factors in pacemaking and competition. American Journal of Psychology, 9: 507-533. Wigfield, A., et al. (2004). â€Å"Children’s motivation for reading: Domain specificity and instructional influences†. The Journal of Educational Research, 97: 299-309. Walle, D. (1997). â€Å"Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument†. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 8: 995-1015. This essay on Motivation: The Need to Achieve was written and submitted by user Jed1d1ah to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Catcher in the Rye Quotes

'The Catcher in the Rye' Quotes J.D. Salinger’s use of informal language in The Catcher in the Rye is part of the novel’s enduring popularity. But the writing style wasn’t chosen simply to make it accessible; Salinger mimics the patterns and rhythm of a story being told orally, giving readers the almost subliminal sense that they’re listening to Holden Caulfield instead of reading a book. The result is a powerful sense of the character despite his obvious unreliability and tendency to lie, and the ability to pull almost any quote from the novel and find plenty of meaning and symbolism. â€Å"‛Up home we wear a hat like that to shoot deer in, for Chrissake,’ he said. ‛That’s a deer shooting hat.Like hell it is.’ I took it off and looked at it. I sort of closed one eye, like I was taking aim at it. ‛This is a people shooting hat,’ I said. ‛I shoot people in this hat.’† Holden’s red hunting cap is ridiculous, and there is plenty of evidence that he’s aware of that fact, aware that walking around an urban setting wearing a bright red hunting cap is weird. On a surface level- surface because it’s the obvious reason for the cap that Holden himself admits to- the cap symbolizes Holden’s independent spirit, his determination to not be like everyone else. This quote demonstrates Holden’s own perception of the hat as a disruptive tool, a layer of protective armor that allows him to attack the people he meets, if only in his mind. Holden’s misanthropy grows steadily throughout the novel as people he admires disappoint him and those he despises confirm his suspicions, and the red hunting cap symbolizes his willingness to shoot those people, or attack them and insult them. â€Å"The trouble was, that kind of junk is sort of fascinating to watch, even if you don’t want it to be.† As Holden observes the perverts at the hotel, he feels conflicted. He admits to being fascinated, but he’s also clearly disapproving. His sense of helplessness is part of his emotional collapse- Holden doesn’t want to grow up, but his body is outside his control, which is terrifying to him. â€Å"The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Nobody’d move ... Nobody’d be different. The only thing that would be different would be you.† Unlike the ducks, which disturb Holden due to their regular disappearance, he finds comfort in the museum he takes Phoebe to, reveling in its static nature. No matter how long he stays away, the exhibits and the experience remain the same. This is comforting to Holden, who is terrified of change and who feels wholly unprepared to grow up and accept his mortality- and his responsibility. â€Å"The part that got me was, there was a lady sitting next to me that cried all through the goddam picture. The phonier it got, the more she cried. Youd have thought she did it because she was kindhearted as hell, but I was sitting right next to her, and she wasnt. She had this little kid with her that was bored as hell and had to go to the bathroom, but she wouldnt take him. She kept telling him to sit still and behave himself. She was about as kindhearted as a goddam wolf.† There are many quotes about the phonies that Holden meets and his low opinion of them, but this quote in the middle of the story expresses Holden’s true problem with it. It’s not so much that people put on airs and pretend to be something they’re not, it’s that they care about the wrong things. For Holden, what offends him here is that the woman is becoming emotional about the fake people on the screen while ignoring her unhappy child. To Holden, it should always be the other way around. This gets to the core of Holden’s war against time and maturity. As people get older, he sees them consistently ignoring what he thinks is important in favor of things he considers less so. He worries that by giving in and growing up he will forget Allie and start caring about fake things like the movies instead. â€Å"I walked all around the whole damn lake – I damn near fell in once, in fact – but I didnt see a single duck. I thought maybe if there were any around, they might be asleep or something near the edge of the water, near the grass and all. Thats how I nearly fell in. But I couldnt find any.† Holden’s obsession with death and mortality drives the entire story, as it’s heavily implied that his emotional troubles and difficulties in school began when his brother Allie died a few years before the story opens. Holden is terrified that nothing lasts, that everything- including himself- will die and disappear like his brother did. The ducks symbolize this fear, as they are a feature of his past, a fond memory that is suddenly gone, leaving no trace. At the same time, the ducks are also a sign of hope for Holden. They represent a comforting constant, because Holden knows that when the weather warms up again the ducks will return. This adds a faint note of hope that is amplified by the revelation at the end of the novel that Holden is telling his story from a place of safety and calm, implying that for Holden the ducks have finally returned. â€Å"Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobodys around- nobody big, I mean- except me. And Im standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff- I mean if theyre running and they dont look where theyre going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. Thats all Id do all day. Id just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know its crazy, but thats the only thing Id really like to be. I know its crazy.† This quote not only gives the novel its title, it explains Holden’s fundamental issue in a beautiful, poetic way. Holden sees maturity as inherently bad- growing up leads to corruption and phoniness, and finally death. Everything Holden has observed in his life has told him that his brother Allie and his sister Phoebe are perfect in their childhood innocence, but will become like all of Holden’s despised schoolmates, teachers, and other adults in due time. He wishes to stop that passage of time and freeze everyone at a more innocent point in their lives. Crucially, Holden sees himself as all alone in this endeavor- the only person willing to attempt this feat, or qualified to do so. The fact that the song Holden’s mis-remembers- Coming Through the Rye- is actually about people sneaking into the fields to have illicit sexual encounters makes Holden’s immaturity obvious. It’s also another example of something Holden believes to be pure and innocent being corrupted and ruined by adult sensibilities, even if he’s not aware of the fact in the story.

Rhetoical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rhetoical analysis - Essay Example The author uses rhetorical techniques of logos, facts, and analogy, to effectively convince the readers, and make them aware of the limitations of the embryonic stem cells in human use. The author uses analogy as a strategy of making the readers relate to the issue she is addressing. In this case, Swenson has referred to The Emperor’s New Clothes, a fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen, which she knows is quite popular among the audience. This is about an emperor, who considered that his clothes were the best, compared to those of other people. He therefore, goes in public to display his new clothing, yet this was an imaginary instance in his mind. In reality, he had nothing on, and a child notices this and acknowledges it. Swenson uses this scenario to link with the case of the scientists working on the embryonic stem cell. He wants to make his audience to understand that, the whole embryonic stem cell project by scientists is in vain, imaginary, and likened to a fairy tale, just like the emperor’s imaginary valuable clothes. By using analogy, he compares the scientific project and the emperor’s incidence, as having similar outcomes, which is false hope. This ensures that this comparison remains memorable among the audience, thus making it easy for them to relate with (Swenson WEB). Secondly, the author uses evidence or support, to back her argument in the issue. This helps to make the audience consider the argument as having a solid ground. Swenson uses different forms of evidence to support her argument. For instance, she directs the audience to a website that will provide them with more information about the success of adult stem cells and cord blood treatments in treatment of many types of conditions. This supports her argument that only adult stem cell and cord blood treatment are successful in curing various conditions, and not the embryonic stem cell. She also revisits other incidences where embryonic stem cells failed to

Business Management Tasks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Management Tasks - Essay Example This discussion highlights that  at the top of the structure is the CEO/President who oversees all the operations of the company he is at the top of the pyramid in decision making process. Company’s departments are categorized into either support or operations. Support include: human resources, finance, marketing, and property. Operation includes the other parts of the business.   At Pizza Hut every division plays a different function making it easier for the CEO to determine whether or not the divisions are performing as per required. This is a kind of structure that encourages specialization as each division consists of employees who have the required skills, experience, and character that are required for the function that the division serves.As the report stresses  the company is divided into departments each headed by a director. Every department has a specific function that is expected to perform a specific function the departments that are present in Pizza Hut are : marketing, human resource management, public relations, procurement, operations. This kind of organizational structure can be referred to as composite organizational structure because it is a blend of a hierarchical organizational structure and divisional organization structure. Despite the fact that the organization has various departments performing different functions there are divisions within the department with the leader of each subdivision reporting to the head of department.

Development in the novel Essay Example for Free

Development in the novel Essay Great Expectations has been described as the story of a snobs progress. In the light of this comment, describe Pips development in the novel. Refer to the changes in the way he behaves and talks, the reactions of other characters in the novel and the reasons why he normally retains the readers sympathy.  In Great Expectations, Pips character goes through many changes. His morals and outlook on life are both greatly affected by his lifestyle, and his view of other characters is changed by his experiences and surroundings. At the beginning of Great Expectations, we see Pip as a very young child, living in fear of his sister, Mrs Joe Gargery. Joe is described in much the same way, which shows how he is childish at heart. We are told that Pip also sees this in chapter 2, when he tells us I always treated him as a larger species of child. Pip and Joe both live in fear of Mrs Joes regular Ram-pages, and her wax coated cane, Tickler. Although Pip and Joe obviously fear Tickler, Pip never really speaks of his fear in the book. It is seen more as a part of his life than a painful experience. For example, when Pip arrives home late after his encounter with Magwitch and learns of Mrs Joes Ram-page, he is told by Joe that Which is worse, shes got Tickler with her. Instead of showing fear, we are simply told that At this dismal intelligence, I twisted the only button on my waistcoat round and round, and looked in great depression at the fire Mrs Joes treatment of Pip is mimicked by Uncle Pumblechook, who seems to be fully supportive of her complaints against Pip mainly that he exists and that she has to look after him. At the start of the book, Pumblechook is very nasty to Pip, and is also fully supported by the Hubbles (at Christmas dinner) and Mr Wopsle. The main topic of conversation (apart from pork) is how ungrateful Pip is. This is brought up first by Pumblechook, who says be grateful, boy, to them which brought you up by hand.. This is then backed by Mrs Hubble, who adds Why is it that the young are never grateful?. This conversation continues for some time, which cause Pip to remain silent and sink into his chair. These two examples show that in the first section of the book, Pip is afraid of his surroundings. He keeps quiet and tries to stay away from company (except Joe) to avoid punishment. Joe is Pips only friend, and makes up for the absence of other children in his life. Pip is happy talking to Joe, unlike Mrs Joe and her circle of friends.  Pip meets two other main characters in the first part of the book, and they are Miss Havisham and Estella. These are two of the most important characters in Great Expectations, and Dickens develops their characters a lot. Upon Pips first meeting with Miss Havisham, he is afraid of her, but it is not the same kind of fear as he has for Mrs Joe. He fears Mrs Joe as he fears Tickler, and does not want to be punished. However, he is afraid of Miss Havisham because she is strange and twisted. Pip does not understand her, and does not know what she is capable of, or what she could do to him. He speaks of her as a ghost, and sees many disturbing sights inside Satis House, such as the infested wedding feast and the stopped clocks. Pip tells us of his terror at his first sight of Miss Havisham. She can see his fear, and asks him You are not afraid of a woman who has never seen the sun since you were born?. We are then told that I regret to state that I was not afraid of telling the enormous lie comprehended in the answer No. As the book progresses, Pip comes to realise that there is nothing to be afraid of in Miss Havisham. By the end of the book he is happy to confront, criticise and even insult her. Pip also misinterprets Estellas character. He falls in love with her the first time he sees her, even though he is only seven years old. This is obviously what Miss Havisham was trying to achieve, as she is continually quizzing Pip on his thoughts about Estella, and one of the first things she asks him is What do you think of her?. Pip, after some hesitation, replies that he thinks she is proud and rude but also pretty. Pip says little to Estella herself, but once he has left Satis House he is totally obsessed by Estella. This leads us onto a sudden change in Pips character.

More than a Pastry :: Personal Narrative Essays

Danish is More than a Pastry Okay...this is one of the saddest things. I just spent 45 minutes typing this email and then the stupid mail system broke down and it was lost when I sent it! Aaaghh...the horror... The email was about my crazy, crazy day yesterday. What an adventure! But what happened, exactly? Well, I'll start from the very beginning! Here goes: I woke up to a beautiful day. Took my time preparing breakfast and enjoyed my good cup (well, cups) of coffee, as well as a bowl of oatmeal with sugar and raisins sprinkled on top, soaked 3/4s with milk. Delicious! I checked my email and started psyching myself up for the bike ride into Copenhagen. When 10:30 rolled around, I got my stuff together and headed out. I began my long, arduous journey from Roskilde to Copenhagen officially at 10:45. Rested from last night's good sleep, I could push myself and make it there in about an hour and a half. I was in no hurry though...my first obligation for the afternoon was meeting Carolina concerning our IPO (initial public offering) project due next week. And my first class wasn't until 3:30. So I had plenty of time! I was spinning pretty well...staying in second gear mostly. Yeah, that is NOT a typo...second gear. It must be noted that this bike HAS only 3 gears. It's my host-mom's bike...3 gears, purple frame, and you pedal backwards to brake. Oh, and when it's dark out I use what you call a "dynamo". I push it down until it touches the front wheel's rim, start pedaling, and it creates electricity so the light turns on! So smart! (I just consulted with my host-brother, Michael, and have decided to name my bike "Lille Lilla" which is "Little Purple" in Danish. That's a nice name) Right, back to the story...so Lilla and I are heading steadily east and I'm thinking "Gosh! This is amazing! I'm in Denmark...biking.....into school!" How cool is that? I'm in Europe and it's gorgeous here!" Sometimes I just get this overwhelming happy feeling; it's almost unreal I'm here. I'm about halfway to Copenhagen and I cross an intersection. When I cross, a car honks. Now, it's rare that cars honk in Denmark. You know, the Danes ARE very civilized people...and it's not necessarily honking at me, of course.

Top 100 Hospital

What makes a top 100 Hospital http://www. resource4pharmacymalpractice. com/negligence. html http://www. ccohs. ca/oshanswers/legisl/msdss. html#_1_1 What makes a top 100 Hospital Toi Lynn Santamaria DeVry University HSM310 online Professor Tammy Cagle What makes a top 100 Hospital The Cleveland Clinic is in the top 20 of the top 100 Hospitals. Its official rank is 4th. The Cleveland Clinic is celebrating 90 years of excellent service. It opened its doors February 28th 1921. It was founded by four Doctors, Dr. George Crile, Dr. Frank Bunts. Dr. William Lower and Dr. John Phillips.Back in 1921 it was the first hospital of its kind, a not-for-profit group practice dedicated to patient care enhanced by research and education. (http://myclevelandclinic. org/90th-anniversary. aspx). The Hospital was built with all the latest equipment available at that time. The Cleveland Clinic quickly outgrew its building having more added in the years to come. The Cleveland Clinic has accomplished many medical first. The Worlds first cine-coronary angiography, the first published coronary artery bypass surgery, first successful larynx transplant and the first near total face transplant. (http://myclevelandclinic. rg/90th-anniversary. aspx). Tragedy was also a part of the past for the Cleveland Clinic. On May 15, 1929 over 120 people died from an explosion of x-ray film stored in the basement. One of the founders, John Phillips also died from the fumes . Frank Bunts had died suddenly years earlier. The hospital was in a state of ruin. But the two remaining founders Dr. Crile and Dr. Lower used their personal assets to rebuild the Cleveland clinic. Today it has over 37,000 employees, 16 health centers and 9 regional hospitals. 4 locations, one in Cleveland , Florida, Nevada and Canada with another opening in 2013 in Abu Dhabi.They are dedicated to their patients. They provide community outreach and wellness programs. They are a teaching hospital through the Lerner research institut e college. They have people from all over the world going to them for care. From the rich and famous to the ordinary person. They provide health and wellness podcasts and online health chats. I feel the Cleveland Clinic is one of the top 100 Hospitals for many reasons. For one it has stood the test of time being in service for 90 years. They have 16 specialties and 26 institutes. They are on the leading edge of technology and a leader in medical breakthroughs.They give back to their community. They are connected through an intricate system through the internet. Medical records can be seen online as well as appointments can be set up via the internet. They continue to do research to help fight diseases. They are a world leader in heart care. They attract the brightest minds to come work for them. They are not as interested in profits as they are in the quality of care they give to each patient. They also care for their employees from the Doctors to the janitors. It’s a great p lace to work built on an excellent reputation of care.Thousands of lives have been saved. They are one of the largest hospital in the world. They are ranked within the top 22 in 16 other specialties in the United States. If I had some illness be it heart disease or cancer I would love to be treated at this hospital. I believe I would have a better outcome and personal care that is out of this world. The four founders would be proud of what the Cleveland Clinic has grown to be. References The Cleveland Clinic website retrieved on November 20,2011 from http://my. clevelandclinic. org/90th-anniversary. aspx